Measuring Steady-State Thermal Resistance of Insulation Materials: Heat Flow Meter Method (GB/T 10295-1988)

This article outlines the applicable standard for determining the steady-state thermal resistance and related properties of insulation materials using the heat flow meter method, as defined in GB/T 10295-1988 (Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties—Heat Flow Meter Method). The method supports the measurement of thermal conductivity for materials such as plastics, glass, fibers, and foams. In practice, a heat flow meter apparatus is used to quantify heat flux through a specimen under controlled temperature conditions, enabling calculation of thermal resistance and conductivity in the steady state. Typical reference instrumentation includes the DRX-I-PB (PC) thermal conductivity tester (guarded hot plate method) for benchmarking and cross-validation where appropriate. While the guarded hot plate is a distinct method, it is referenced here to frame related testing practices within laboratories that evaluate similar material classes. Relevant test standards referenced alongside GB/T 10295-1988 include: - GB/T 3392-82: Test method for thermal conductivity of plastics (guarded hot plate method) - GB/T 3139-2005: Thermal conductivity test method for fiber-reinforced plastics (including fiberglass-reinforced plastics) - GB/T 10801.1 and GB/T 10801.2: Specifications and methods for polystyrene foam for thermal insulation - ISO/DIS 8301: Thermal insulation—Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties—Heat flow meter apparatus - ASTM C518-2004: Standard test method for steady-state thermal transmission properties by means of the heat flow meter apparatus - EN 12667: Thermal performance of building materials and products—Determination of thermal resistance by means of guarded hot plate and heat flow meter methods These standards are commonly applied by material performance testing bodies, scientific research institutes, factory quality control departments, and universities for teaching and research. The combined framework ensures consistent evaluation of thermal insulation performance across plastics, glass, fiber-based materials, and foams using recognized international and national methodologies.

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